James Cumming’s interest in the theme of puppets can be traced back to the early 1970s when a painting entitled Punch and Judy appeared with other new works which at the time hinted at a move away from cells and the microscope might be imminent. In the catalogue for his Middlesbrough Retrospective in 1987 he wrote: The puppet series was begun in 1972 with satire in mind, requiring near portrait likenesses which implied reality rather than defined it. The sequence grew to multinational characters, Dutch, Turkish or Indian, public or fictional figures.
Cumming had been in Inda in 1946 and Puppets, Poona includes the archetypes of the doe-eyed Tamil, an Anglo Indian of some importance and a caricatural Indian Army officer. Puppets, Poona was also the leading image for his Festival exhibition at The Scottish Gallery in 1985.